Derek Chauvin is on trial for George Floyd's death

George Floyd's brother, a use-of-force expert and a cardiologist testified today in the trial of former Minneapolis Police officer Derek Chauvin.

Judge Peter Cahill also told jurors he expects closing arguments to start Monday. At which point, he said, the jury would be sequestered.

Here's what else happened in court today:

George Floyd's brother testifies: Philonise Floyd offered a heartfelt testimony as prosecutors sought to humanize Floyd, the 46-year-old Black man who died last May after Chauvin kneeled on his neck and back for more than 9 minutes. He told the court that his elder brother George Floyd was a mama's boy and a loving person when they were growing up in Houston. During his testimony, prosecutors showed several photos of a smiling George Floyd with his mother, his basketball teammates and his young daughter. Philonise Floyd described his brother as an athlete and dedicated student of both basketball and football. "He was so much of a leader to us in the household, he would always make sure we had our clothes for school, make sure we would get to school on time," Philonise Floyd said. "He just was like a person that everybody loved around the community. He just knew how to make people feel better."

Cardiologist says Floyd died from cardiopulmonary arrest: Dr. Jonathan Rich, a cardiologist based in Chicago, testified that Floyd died from cardiopulmonary arrest caused by low oxygen levels brought on by prone restraint and positional asphyxia — making him the fifth doctor to say as much in Chauvin's trial.

Use-of-force expert says Chauvin's actions were unreasonable: Seth Stoughton, a use-of-force expert, former police officer and associate professor of law at University of South Carolina, said Chauvin's actions represented deadly force and were unreasonable. "Both the knee across Mr. Floyd's neck and prone restraint were unreasonable, excessive and contrary to acceptable police practices," Stoughton said. He added: "No reasonable officer would have believed that was an appropriate or acceptable use of force."

Defense to present their case tomorrow: The defense is expected to begin presenting their case Tuesday, Cahill told the jury. He said he expects the presentation of evidence in the trial will be done "by the end of the week."

Judge expects closing arguments to start Monday: Cahill indicated that there may not be court Friday if there are no additional witnesses. The judge told the jurors he did not want to isolate them in a hotel over the weekend. "My preference is to give the attorneys more time to prepare their closing arguments and have the closing arguments, we predict, on Monday," he said. Cahill then told jurors: "Expect that when you report for duty on Monday that it be followed by sequestration. So, pack a bag."

Court is adjourned until Tuesday morning when testimony is expected to resume in the trial of former Minneapolis Police officer Derek Chauvin.

Before court adjourned for the day, Judge Peter Cahill gave the jury a timeframe of how he expects the trial to go.

"Now that we're getting closer to the end, we expect that we will be moving to the defense case tomorrow. And accordingly, we expect that we will finish all the evidence in this case by the end of the week. Possibly with even Friday off. My preference is not to make the attorneys close on Friday, because when they close, this case will be submitted for deliberation. Which means at that time, as we warned you long ago in jury selection, you will be sequestered," he said.

Cahill explained that if he were to have closing arguments on Friday, that means the jury would be sequestered over the weekend.

The collaboration of local, county, state and federal law enforcement working around the Derek Chauvin trial known as "Operation Safety Net" has moved into phase three of their security presence earlier than anticipated after Sunday’s police shooting of Daunte Wright in nearby Brooklyn Center, Minneapolis Police Chief Medaria Arradondo said Monday afternoon.

“We have been preparing to ramp up for the close of the Chauvin trial, and we are prepared to ramp up law enforcement presence across St. Paul and across the Twin Cities,” Arrandondo said.

“It's necessary for the peace of our city and we also want to make sure that we are protecting First Amendment rights as much as possible,” Minneapolis Mayor Jacob Frey added. “We're collectively resolved to doing better.” 

Col. Matt Langer, chief of Minnesota State Patrol, also said that Sunday’s police shooting necessitated the early designation.

Minnesota National Guard Gen. Shawn Manke also said there are approximately 500 members on the streets of Minneapolis, St. Paul and Brooklyn Center, and that number could grow to 1,000 by the end of the day Monday.

“There have been rumors that the Minnesota National Guard has used non-lethal munitions in and around Minneapolis and St. Paul, I want to tell you that that is simply not true,” Manke said. “We have not used those we don't anticipate using those and we did not use those in any of the civil unrest support that we've provided over the last year.”

Manke said approximately 100 Minnesota National Guard members helped to secure the Brooklyn Center Police headquarters during protests Sunday night.

Law professor Seth Stoughton, a police use-of-force expert, testified that it was not necessary to place George Floyd in the prone position once he was taken out of the back of the police car by the officers.

Stougton said, "it's clear from the number of officers and Mr. Floyd's position and the fact that he's handcuffed and has been searched, he doesn't present a threat of harm." 

He continued:

Stoughton, who reviewed the evidence in the case and is being paid to testify as an expert witness, said that the prone position can be "useful" for officers trying to handcuff a suspect.

He added, however, that placing someone in the prone position "is supposed to be transitory" and used for handcuffing. He said that "as soon as someone has been handcuffed, you take them out of that position."

Stoughton's testimony is ongoing.

Seth Stoughton, associate professor from the University of South Carolina school of law, who is also an affiliate professor in the university's department of criminology and criminal justice, is now testifying.

The witness said he studies the regulation of policing.

George Floyd's brother, Philonise Floyd, just wrapped his testimony.

George Floyd was a "big mama's boy" who taught his family how to treat their mother with respect, his brother Philonise Floyd testified today.

Philonise Floyd said his mother and brother shared a special bond.

"Every mother loves all her kids. But it was so unique how they were with each other," she said.

He then described the day George Floyd learned their mother had died. He said his brother was talking to their dying mother on the phone, but she passed before he could get to her.

"And when we went to the funeral, it's just — George just sat there at the casket over and over again, he would just say 'mama, mama,' over and over again. And I didn't know what to tell him, because I was in pain, too. We all were hurting. And he was just kissing her, and just kissing her. He didn't want to leave the casket," he told the jury.

Watch here:

Philonise Floyd described his brother George Floyd's life and what it was like growing up with him during his testimony today.

He recalled that George Floyd was loved by his family and his community.

At one point, Philonise Floyd wiped tears from his face after he was shown a photograph of his brother and his late mother.

"That's my mother. She is no longer with us right now. But that's my oldest brother George. I miss both of them," he said. "...I was married on May 24th I got married. And my brother was killed May 25th. And my mom died on May 30th. So it's like a bittersweet one, because I was supposed to be happen when that month comes."

Watch here:

George Floyd's brother, Philonise Floyd, has now taken the stand in the trial of former Minneapolis Police officer Derek Chauvin.

Minnesota allows prosecutors to invoke the "spark of life" doctrine to call witnesses to testify about a victim's life.